Design of a wearable, flexible Microstrip patch antenna for the detection of breast cancer

Abstract

Abstract Breast cancer is a medical condition characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells in the breast tissue. Breast cancer can originate from various parts of the breast, and methods such as Breast ultrasound, Diagnostic mammogram, Breast magnetic resonance imaging, and Biopsy are currently used for its diagnosis. However, these methods have certain limitations, and their size can be a hindrance. To overcome this, low-power, flexible antennas can be designed for bio-communication between medical equipment and external instrumentation. Flexible and wearable antennas have advantages such as affordability, ease of fabrication, and high gain. In this article, a microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.45GHz and made of polyamide material is designed using HFSS software. The simulation results show the patch antenna has a gain of 1dB, -14.81dB return loss at 2.45GHz based on |S11|≤ - 10dB. The directive radiation pattern with axial ratio of 63.39dB and VSWR ≤ 3. Furthermore, the hardware development of proposed antenna with polyamide substrate provides the resonance frequency nearing to simulation results as 2.318GHz with return loss of -28.19dB. Based on mathematical analysis, simulation and hardware results, the proposed antenna is a superior option for breast cancer detection.