Predictive Risk Factors for Osteoporosis in Older Overweight Adults

Abstract

Abstract Purpose To investigate significant risk factors for osteoporosis in older overweight adults, which primarily included clinical indicators and laboratory examinations. Patients and Methods: A total of 1173 participants (617 men and 556 postmenopausal women) with BMI ≥ 25 who were older than 50 and received bone density scans of the lumbar spine were enrolled in the present study. All participants had complete baseline data, including clinical indicators and biochemical indices. Participants were divided into three groups by the T-score of the lumbar spine. The Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test and chi-square test were used to compare the continuous and categorical clinical variables among the different groups. Spearman correlation tests, Pearson correlation tests and linear regression analysis were performed to identify independent variables associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and their multicollinearity in older overweight adults. In addition, binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors associated with osteoporosis. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result Compared to those in the normal group and the osteopenia group, man and postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were older and had decreased BMI (p < 0.05, respectively). Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the BMD values of the lumbar vertebrae were significantly positively correlated with BMI and serum uric acid (UA) and negatively correlated with age in men and postmenopausal women. Finally, binary logistic regression analyses revealed that after adjusting for many variables, osteoporosis was significantly and positively associated with age and inversely associated with BMI and serum UA in both men and postmenopausal women (p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions This study demonstrates that osteoporosis might be associated with advanced age, increased BMI and higher levels of UA in older overweight adults.