Affiliation:
1. Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS
2. University of Insubria
3. University of Sassari
Abstract
Abstract
Background
High blood eosinophils seem to predict exacerbations and response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of our study was to prospectively evaluate for 2 years, blood and sputum eosinophils in COPD patients treated with bronchodilators only at recruitment.
Methods
COPD patients in stable condition treated with bronchodilators only underwent monitoring of lung function, blood and sputum eosinophils, exacerbations and comorbidities every 6 months for 2 years. ICS was added during follow-up when symptoms worsened.
Results
63 COPD patients were enrolled: 53 were followed for 1 year, 41 for 2 years, 10 dropped-out. After 2 years, ICS was added in 12/41 patients (29%) without any statistically significant difference at time points considered. Blood and sputum eosinophils did not change during follow-up. Only FEV1/FVC at T0 was predictive of ICS addition during the 2 year-follow-up (OR:0.91; 95% CI: 0.83–0.99, p = 0.03). ICS addition did not impact on delta (T24-T0) FEV1, blood and sputum eosinophils and exacerbations. After 2 years, patients who received ICS had higher blood eosinophils than those in bronchodilator therapy (p = 0.042). Patients with history of ischemic heart disease increased blood eosinophils after 2 years [p = 0.03 for both percentage and counts].
Conclusions
Almost 30% of mild/moderate COPD patients in bronchodilator therapy received ICS for worsened symptoms in a 2 year-follow-up. Only FEV1/FVC at T0 seems to predict ICS addition during follow-up. Blood and sputum eosinophils were not associated with worsened symptoms or exacerbations. History of ischemic heart disease seems to be associated with a progressive increase of blood eosinophils.
Publisher
Research Square Platform LLC