Post-viral symptoms and conditions are more frequent in COVID-19 than influenza, but not more persistent

Author:

Tesch Falko1ORCID,Ehm Franz1ORCID,Loser Friedrich2,Vivirito Annika3,Wende Danny4ORCID,Batram Manuel5,Bechmann Lars6,Buschmann Tilo7,Menzer Simone6,Ludwig Marion8,Roessler Martin4ORCID,Seifert Martin1,Margolis Giselle Sarganas9,Reitzle Lukas9,König Christina2,Schulte Claudia4,Hertle Dagmar4ORCID,Ballesteros Pedro4,Baßler Stefan7,Bertele Barbara2,Bitterer Thomas6,Riederer Cordula10,Sobik Franziska10,Scheidt-Nave Christa11,Schmitt Jochen1

Affiliation:

1. University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at TU Dresden

2. Techniker Krankenkasse

3. InGef - Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin GmbH

4. BARMER Institut für Gesundheitssystemforschung (bifg)

5. Vandage GmbH

6. IKK classic

7. AOK PLUS

8. InGef - Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin

9. Robert Koch Institute

10. DAK-Gesundheit

11. Robert Koch Institut

Abstract

Abstract Post-viral symptoms have long been known in the medical community but have received more public attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many post-viral symptoms were reported as particularly frequent after SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding the specificity, frequency and persistence of these symptoms in comparison to other viral infectious diseases such as Influenza. We addressed this topic by investigating a large population-based cohort based on German routine healthcare data. We matched 573,791 individuals with a PCR-test confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from the year 2020 to contemporary controls without SARS-CoV-2 infection and controls from the last Influenza outbreak in 2018 and followed them up to 18 months. We found that post-viral symptoms as defined for COVID-19 by the WHO as well as tissue damage were more frequent among the COVID-19 cohort than the Influenza cohort. Persistence of post-viral symptoms was however similar between COVID-19 and Influenza. We conclude that post-viral symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection constitute a substantial disease burden as they are frequent and often persist for many months. As COVID-19 is becoming endemic, the disease must not be trivialized. Research should focus on the development of effective treatments for post-viral symptoms.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

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