Intestinally Targeted Glipizide Delivery via pH-responsive Dextran-Modified Polylactic acid Microspheres.

Abstract

Abstract Glipizide, a low-cost antidiabetic drug, is known for its fast-acting nature and reduced risk of hypoglycemia. Its non-selectivity and short-acting nature, however, restrict its use. In this study, the core-shell particle of glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride modified dextran-coated glipizide polylactic acid has been fabricated capable of targeted drug release in the intestinal region with acidic pH resistivity and mucoadhesive properties. To achieve this glipizide-encapsulated polylactic acid (PLA), microspheres of size 27.09 ± 6.55 µm were fabricated using emulsion solvent evaporation followed by GT-dextran surface coating using the dipping method. NMR and FT-IR confirmed the presence of GT-dextran, and SEM confirmed the presence of a coating on the surface of PLA particles. The GT-dextran coating increases the size of the GI-PLA particles by 14.01%, with a size of 17.17 ±1.33 µm, along with 57.47 ± 2.7% encapsulation efficiency. The release behavior showed that the particle was slowly released at 8.76 ± 0.93% at an acidic pH of 1.5 and normally released at 92.4 ± 7.32% at a pH of 7.2. This shows that the particle is resistant to acid. The desired controlled release profile was achieved, with 68.45 ± 11.01% at pH 9.2 over a time of 48 h and best fits the Korsmeyer-Peppas model and follows zero-order kinetics, which exhibited great potential as a targeted and controlled drug delivery system for antidiabetic therapy.