Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of PVA/ Chitosan/ Clay/ Essential Oil Hydrogel Prepared via Freeze-Thaw

Abstract

Abstract In this study, eco-friendly, low-cost and high-antimicrobial activity Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/Chitosan (CHT)/Clay/Oil nanocomposite hydrogels were prepared via freeze-thaw (F-T) method. Montmorillonite (MMT) and nanoclay (NC) were added as clay to PVA/CHT/Clay/Oil hydrogels. MMT and NC decreased the number of F-T cycles in the hydrogel and increased the surface hydrophilicity of the hydrogels. Clove, aloe vera and argan oil were added as oil to PVA/CHT/CLAY mixtures. Hydrogels containing clove oil showed antimicrobial activity against eight microorganisms (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 70603, methicilline resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 (MRSA), Salmonella enteritidis ATTC 13076, Sarcina lutea ATCC 9341, Bacillus cereus ATTC 11778, Candida albicans NRRL Y-417). Nanocomposite hydrogels containing clove oil , have been found to have high antimicrobial activity, skin adhesion and swelling degree. Contact angle values less than 90° were measured PVA/CHT-4/MMT-4/ Oilclove2, PVA/CHT-4/NC- 4/Oilclove2 hydrogels. According to FT-IR, SEM, XRD, Contact angle, and swelling test results, PVA/CHT/Clay/Oil hydrogel content was determined as 25 µL of clove oil and 72.7% PVA (400 mg), 9.1% CHT (50 mg), 18.2% Clay (100 mg).