Multi optimization of laser drilling of GFRP composites via TOPSIS approach

Abstract

Composite materials are very promising for use in a variety of applications. However, due to their anisotropy, they are challenging to cut using traditional machining. A desirable option for cutting composites is laser beam machining (LBM). In the present study, laser beam drilling (LBD) experiments with a CO₂ laser on glass fibre reinforced polyester (GFRP) composites were conducted based on Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array to decide on a parametric optimization of multiple responses, such as hole taper angle (θ), heat affected zone (HAZ), and material removal rate (MRR), using Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approach. The input process parameters are cutting speed (S), laser power (P), and diameter of laser drilled hole (D). Based on closeness coefficient (S_i*) of TOPSIS, the optimum levels of parameters were identified and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to quantitatively assess the influence of the input parameters on the output responses. The results demonstrated that all the selected cutting parameters have a significant effect on all the measured responses. From the confirmation experiment carried out at the optimum LBD conditions, there has been an improvement of S_i* by 12%.