Ultrasound-assisted extraction and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Tenebrio molitor

Abstract

[Objective]The study aimed to extract polysaccharides from Tenebrio molitor using ultrasound-assisted extraction and assess their structural characteristics and antioxidant activity. [Methods]Defatted Tenebrio molitor was utilized, with extraction temperature, time, ultrasonic power, and liquid-to-material ratio varied. Response surface experiments determined optimal extraction parameters, yielding 9.513% polysaccharides. [Result] Infrared spectroscopy revealed pyranose structure with predominant C-O, C=O, and O-H functional groups. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by scavenging DPPH·, OH·, and ABTS+· radicals and Fe³⁺ reduction. Polysaccharide concentration positively correlated with radical scavenging abilities. Compared to Vitamin C, polysaccharides exhibited stronger scavenging of DPPH· and OH·, moderate scavenging of ABTS⁺·, and Fe³⁺ reduction, with IC50 values of 0.9625, 9.1909, and 235.69 mg/mL respectively. Notably, Fe³⁺ reduction peaked at 1.6 mg/mL with an absorbance of 0.38899. [Conclusion] Tenebrio molitor polysaccharides demonstrated substantial antioxidant activity, suggesting their potential in various applications. This research provides valuable insights for leveraging Tenebrio molitor as a functional ingredient, contributing to its development and utilization.