Balance training benefits chronic ankle instability with generalized joint hypermobility: a prospective cohort study

Abstract

Abstract Background: Balance training is the first choice of treatment for chronic ankle instability (CAI). However, there is a lack of research on the effects of balance training in CAI with GJH. This study is to compare the outcomes of balance training in CAI patients with and without generalized joint hypermobility (GJH). Methods: Forty CAI patients were assigned into the GJH group (Beighton≥4, 20) and non-GJH group (Beighton<4, 20). Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze self-reported questionnaires (Foot and ankle ability measure, FAAM), the number of patients experiencing ankle sprain, isokinetic muscle strength and functional postural control tests (Star excursion balance test, SEBT and Balance errors system, BES) before training, post-training immediately, and 3 months post-training, respectively. Results: No differences were found between groups at baseline except for worse postural stability in the GJH group. After the balance training, GJH group had greater improvements in the FAAM-S score, re-sprain ratio, dorsiflexion strength and plantarflexion strength at post-training immediately and 3 months than non-GJH group, and both groups had similarly increase in the FAAM-A score, muscle strength and balance control (SEBT in the posterior-lateral and posterior-medial direction, and BES scores) compared with baseline. Conclusions: CAI patients with GJH achieved equally even better postural stability and muscle strength after the balance training than the non-GJH patients. Balance training could still be the preferred treatment for CAI patients with GJH before considering surgery. Trial registration: ChiCTR1900023999, June 21st, 2019.