A Novel method for Delineating Thick and Thin Sub Surface layers of the Earth using Wavelet Local Maxima Lines

Abstract

Abstract The earth's subsurface layers are investigated using seismic reflection signals. The reflection signals contain data on both the velocity and the thickness of the various layers. The wavelet transforms are a useful technique for seismic stratigraphy because they can detect abrupt changes in subsurface layers. Seismic data is recorded using a single channel and a single sensor with two different offsets using a typical common mid-point (CMP) data acquisition method. The Morlet continuous wavelet transform is shown to be the most effective for resolving discontinuities in thin and thick layers among the wavelets tested. Additionally, it is concluded that the continuous wavelet transform's local maxima lines, which are formed from frequency atoms, are the best places to look for velocities to be interpreted. Decomposing a 1D time domain signal into a 2D image with time and frequency domain is more advanced than traditional amplitude-based 1D time domain signal analysis. The velocity of the various layers can be calculated using the local maxima lines' arrival times at two different offsets. It is possible to determine the depth of the layers by utilizing the velocity and the offset distance in the calculation. Different velocities can lead to a misinterpretation of the layers 'it can be avoided by reordering the layers based on the actual depth to the surface.