A Retrospective View on Triple Negative Breast Cancer Microenvironment: Novel Markers, Interactions, and Mechanisms of Tumor-Associated Components using public Single-cell RNA Seq Datasets

Abstract

Abstract Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer presents a significant clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options. This subtype is notorious for a poorer prognosis compared to other breast cancer forms, primarily due to the lack of identifiable treatment targets. Methods: In our study, we delve deep into the molecular landscape of TNBC using public single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. Our integrative analysis aims to identify unique markers specific to TNBC, unravel the intricate gene mechanisms they are involved in, and explore new avenues for potential therapeutic interventions. Results: Employing three comprehensive datasets, our study offers a novel perspective on the tumor microenvironment of TNBC. Specifically, we found 12 marker genes, including DSC2 and CDKN2A, uniquely expressed in TNBC cells, marking an advancement in understanding this cancer subtype. A comparative analysis of these markers across various components of the tumor microenvironment, including both cancerous and normal cells, highlights a distinctive feature. A key discovery of our study is the interaction between DSC2 and DSG2 genes within TNBC cells, suggesting a novel pathway of intercellular communication exclusive to this cancer type. Conclusion: This finding not only corroborates previous hypotheses but also lays the foundation for a new structural understanding of triple-negative breast cancer, as revealed through our single-cell analysis workflow.