Affiliation:
1. Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's
2. NL Health Services St. John's
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant public health challenge in Canada, with the Atlantic Provinces bearing a particularly high burden. The implementation of population-based colon screening programs is aimed to address this concern. However, limited research exists on the impact of these programs, including their uptake, barriers, and predictors of screening participation. This study aimed to examine impact of the first few years of the Colon Screening programs in the Atlantic Provinces of Canada by assessing changes in screening uptake, barriers, and predictors of screening among eligible population.
Methods
Employing a repeated cross-sectional design, this study selected and analysed data of a representative sample of respondents from the Atlantic provinces aged 50–74 years from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) for the years 2010 and 2017. The primary outcome measures were CRC screening rates and changes in predictors of screening uptake between these two data points. The CCHS data provided information on self-reported CRC screening participation and potential predictors such as age, sex, income, and education.
Results
Proportion of adults aged 50–74 years, up-to-date with CRC screening, increased, on average, from 42–54%, falling short of the national target of 60%. New Brunswick saw the biggest increase in screening prevalence (18%). Participation in the fecal tests increased significantly (19.7% − 32.4%). However, disparities in screening participation persist and, 41% and 50% of people with no screening history deemed the CRC fecal test and endoscopy tests unnecessary, respectively. Age, chronic health conditions, sex, marital status, regular healthcare access and smoking status remained significant predictors of CRC screening uptake.
Conclusions
This study highlights the need for continued efforts to improve CRC screening uptake in the Atlantic Provinces of Canada. Despite the establishment of screening programs, barriers to access and low awareness persist. Addressing these challenges and monitoring the impact of screening programs is essential to reduce CRC burden in the region and enhance public health outcomes.
Publisher
Research Square Platform LLC