Probiotic Bacillus licheniformis MCC2514 and Bifidobacterium breve NCIM 5671 regulate GATA3 and Foxp3 expression in the elevated disease condition

Abstract

Abstract The TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis was evaluated using B. licheniformis and Bf. breve as immune modulator. The study aims to analyze the probiotic efficiency of ulcerative colitis induced by TNBS in Wistar rats. The tumor-like structure was found in colon of TNBS inflammation-induced rats. Nitric oxide production was inhibited by about 65.2% fed with combination of bacteria and C-reactive protein, decreased by 12% and 10.8% upon supplementing B. licheniformis and Bf. breve against the TNBS-treated rats, respectively. Liver damage was observed in the TNBS-treated rats, SGPT (75.4%) and SGOT (42.5%) were reduced by addition of probiotic bacteria. On TNBS treatment, transcriptional factor responsible for Th2 cell immune response (GATA3) was analyzed, and the elevation in gene expression (5.31 folds) was found. The FOXP-3 responsible for T-regulatory cells was expressed about 0.91 folds upon the treatment with combination of bacteria. The expression of antioxidant genes such as iNOS (1.11 folds), GPx (1.29), and PON1 (1.48) has been increased when compared with TNBS treated group. The cytokines specific to the Th2-driven immune response, such as IL-4, IL-5, and TNF-α, were reduced upon feeding the bacteria. It is observed that the B. licheniformis and Bf. breve used in the study has reduced the Th2-driven immune response.