Abstract
Objective To investigate the sleep status of patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) at stages 1-4 and to explore the interplay between personality traits and sleep.
Methods A convenience sample of 311 CKD patients stages 1-4 was selected from those attending outpatient clinics and hospitalized in the nephrology department of a tertiary institution. attending outpatient clinics and hospitalized in the nephrology department of a tertiary hospital in Mianyang City. The general condition questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI), and the Chinese version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Form (EPQ-SF) were used to evaluate the patients’ sleep quality and personality traits,.The relationship between CKD at stages 1-4 patients , sleep quality and personality traits was meticulously examined using statistical methods. Specifically, Pearson's correlation analysis was employed to indentify and lineare relationships between these veriables. Subsequently, multivariate stepwise regression was applied to further dissect the complex interdependencies, controlling for multiple variables simultaneously.This approach allowed for a nuanced understanding of how sleep quality and personality traits interrelate with the progression of CKD in stages 1-4. The comprehensive assessment of these factors provides valuable insights into the intricate dynamics at play in the lives of CKD patients.
Results The PSQI score patients with CKD stages 1-4 was 8.24±4.02, indication that over half( 50.8%) of the patients experienced sleep disorders. A comparative analysis of the EPQ scores between patients with the normal sleep group (PSQI score ≤7) and those with sleep disorders group ( PSQI score >7) revealed that the neuroticism score, of the sleep-disordered group was significantly elevated (P<0.001), while their introversion and extraversion scores were notably lower (P<0.05) compared to the normal sleep group.
The total PSQI score demonstrated significant correlations with various EPQ dimensions, Specifically, internal and external orientation and masking were found to be negatively associated with the PSQI score (P < 0.05), suggestion that patients with better sleep quality tend to exhibit these traits. Conversely, neuroticism and psychoticism showed positive correlations with the PSQI score (P<0.05), indicating that higher levels of these personality traits are linked to poorer sleep quality.
Further analysis indicated that psychoticism was positively correlated with specific dimensions of sleep disorders (P<0.05), and neuroticism was associated with reduced sleep quality, prolonged sleep onset, and increased reliance on hypnotic drugs, as well as greater daytime dysfunction (P<0.05).Additionally, The lie scale of the EPQ was found to have a positive relationship with overall sleep quality (P < 0.05) but was negatively correlated with time taken to fall asleep and sleep quality (P < 0.05). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis identified several factors that significantly influence sleep disorders in CKD patients at stages 1-4, These include neuroticism, age, place of residence monthly family income, duration of CKD, treatment cost, and self-care ability.
Conclusions The study’s findings underscore the neuroticism and psychoticism on the sleep quality of CKD patients., highlighting the importance of considering these traits in the management of sleep disorders in this population.