Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer is a significant health issue globally, particularly in less developed countries like Uganda. Despite efforts to improve screening programs, uptake remains low in regions like Karamoja in Uganda. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among women aged 25–49 at Moroto Regional Referral Hospital.
Methods
Using quantitative and qualitative methods, data was collected from March to April 2023 from 276 women. The multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the factors associated with cervical cancer screening. Data analysis was conducted using STATA15. For qualitative data, an in-depth interview was conducted, and a minimum of thirty participants were interviewed. Then, they were thematically analysed using Atlas ti. 21.
Results
The prevalence of cervical cancer screening among women attending maternal and child health services was 47% (130/276). Upon adjusting in the multivariable logistic regression, we observed that having a primary level of education [AOR 2.0, 95%CI: (1.2–4.9, P < 0.018)] and having given birth to more than four children (AOR 5.0, 95% CI: (1.1–23.1, P < 0.039)) were associated with higher odds of undergoing cervical cancer screening. Identified barriers included low knowledge and awareness of Cervical Cancer and Cervical Cancer screening, extended waiting times, and the influence of healthcare providers.
Conclusion and Recommendation:
The study finds low cervical cancer screening rates, below the 70% target. Factors like education, number of children, and awareness predicted screening uptake. It suggests tailored education for uneducated women and more screening for those with fewer children.