Insect herbivory on Acer rubrum varies across income and urbanization gradients in the D.C. metropolitan area
Author:
Affiliation:
1. University of Washington School of Public Health
2. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
3. Underwood and Associates
4. University of North Carolina at Greensboro
Abstract
Urbanization has increased wealth disparity within the United States, impacting the urban landscape and species interactions. In particular, the interactions between street trees and the arthropod communities that live among them may be modified by both human population densities across urban to suburban locations, as well as income levels within these areas. We examined the effect of land use type (urban vs suburban) and median household income on variation in leaf damage and arthropod abundance of red maples (Acer rubrum) in the District of Columbia metropolitan region. We compared these levels of leaf damage to rates observed in a nearby natural forest. We predicted leaf damage would be positively correlated with urbanization (forested < suburban < urban) and a negative relationship between leaf damage and neighborhood income level (low > medium > high). Instead, we observed higher levels of leaf damage on trees in the forest environment compared to the urban and suburban areas. Leaves from urban medium and high-income areas were less likely to exhibit herbivore damage than those from suburban areas. Of the leaves with any damage, those in urban high-income and suburban low-income areas exhibited the most leaf area missing. These trends may be related to specific factors associated with urbanization and income level, such as tree and impervious surface coverage and pesticide use. This study highlights differences in biotic interactions across individual neighborhoods and the importance of including socio-economic variables (e.g., household income) when examining species interactions in developed environments.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference73 articles.
1. Alexander KA, Carlson CJ, Lewis BL, Getz WM, Marathe MV, Eubank SG, Sanderson CE, Blackburn JK (2018) The Ecology of Pathogen Spillover and Disease Emergence at the Human-Wildlife-Environment Interface. In: Hurst CJ (ed) The Connections Between Ecology and Infectious Disease. Springer International Publishing, pp 267–298. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92373-4_8
2. Promoting and preserving biodiversity in the urban forest;Alvey AA;Urban Forestry Urban Green,2006
3. The effect of tree shade and grass on surface and globe temperatures in an urban area;Armson D;Urban Forestry Urban Green,2012
4. Two decades of urban climate research: a review of turbulence, exchanges of energy and water, and the urban heat island;Arnfield AJ;Int J Climatol,2003
5. Pathogens and insect herbivores drive rainforest plant diversity and composition;Bagchi R;Nature,2014
1.学者识别学者识别
2.学术分析学术分析
3.人才评估人才评估
"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370
www.globalauthorid.com
TOP
Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司 京公网安备11010802033243号 京ICP备18003416号-3