Effect of Biofilm Formation on the Color Properties of CAD/CAM Materials

Abstract

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the effect of biofilm formation on the coloration properties of CAD/CAM materials.Materials and Methods106 samples of 2-mm thickness were prepared from two different CAD/CAM materials (IPS e.max CAD; Cerasmart) and a total of 53 samples were prepared from extracted caries-free human-teeth. Five samples from each sample group were used to measure the amount of alive biomass in the biofilm. The remaining 48 samples in each group were divided into four subgroups: group-1, kept in water without the formation of dental biofilm; group-2, kept in tea without the formation of dental biofilm; group-3, kept in water after the formation of dental biofilm; group-4: kept in tea after the formation of dental biofilm (n=12). After finishing and polishing, color and surface roughness measurements were made. After baseline measurements, a biofilm layer was formed in groups-3 and 4, and the measurements were repeated. Afterward, all samples were brushed, and a third measurement was performed. Data were statistically analyzed (p<0.05).ResultsThe lowest roughness value was observed in Cerasmart. Tooth-IPS e.max CAD gave similar results. The Cerasmart material had the most viable biomass, whereas the IPS e.max CAD material had the least. Group-4 had the highest ΔE1 value for all materials and group-1 had the lowest. The presence of biofilm on CAD/CAM materials immersed in water caused an unacceptable degree of coloration (ΔE>1.8), and immersion in tea caused much more color change.ConclusionsThe brushing process allowed CAD/CAM materials to return to their original color.Clinical RelevanceThe adhesion of biofilm to restorative dental materials plays an important role in the coloring of dental treatment.