Evaluation of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in Glioma Patients: Correlation with Tumor Grading

Abstract

Abstract Objective and design: In this case control observational study of glioma patients, using ELISA technique, we have examined the tissue cytokine profile of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α and IL-10, IL-4), and angiogenic factors (VEGF, FGF-2), and compared with the tumor type and stage. We found that a significant upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α), and a significant down regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, and IL-4) compared to control brain tissues. Similarly, when compared to control group, we found a significant increase in angiogenic cytokines (VEGF, FGF-2) in tumor tissues. Methodology: We have examined the tissue cytokine profile of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10, IL-4), as well as angiogenic factors (VEGF, FGF-2), in order to evaluate tumoral aggressiveness by using ELISA technologies. Result Our results suggest that even though there is a significant alteration in the cytokines between the control and tumor samples, we found that the difference between various glioma grades and meningioma are not statistically significant. Based on our results we conclude that the cytokine levels alone may not be suitable enough for tumor staging. Conclusion These cytokines contribute to the development of pain associated with the disease as well as the growth and aggressiveness of tumours. With a focus on cytokines, our goal in this study is to investigate the microenvironment of gliomas. Pain is one of the main symptoms of glioblastoma, but it might be delayed or neglected. Cytokines might accelerate diagnosis and treatment.