Collaborating with pharmacists to improve medication use in dementia care: views from healthcare professionals in Sweden

Abstract

Abstract Background Dementia is a major global public health challenge, and with the growing elderly population, its prevalence is expected to increase in the coming years. In Sweden, municipalities are responsible for providing special housing for the elderly (SÄBO), which offers services and care for older individuals needing specific support. SÄBO is both the person´s home and a care environment and workplace. Polypharmacy in patients with dementia is common and increases the risk of medication interactions. Involving clinical pharmacists in medication reviews has been shown to result in safer medication use and more appropriate prescribing. However, less attention has been given to how other healthcare professionals view the implementation of such pharmacist services. Thus, this study aims to explore their views towards pharmacist-supported medication reviews for people with dementia. Methods This descriptive qualitative study used semi-structured interviews and qualitative content analysis to explore healthcare professionals’ views on pharmacist-supported medication reviews for people with dementia. The study was conducted in a southern Swedish special housing and included nurses, assistant nurses, general practitioners (GPs), and a pharmacist. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, interviews were conducted over the phone. The Swedish Ethical Review Authority approved the study. Results The analysis revealed three main categories, and eleven subcategories.: 1) Approaches to safe medication use, 2) Approaches to work processes and 3) The role of the pharmacist. Nurses focused on non-pharmacological treatments, while GPs emphasized the importance of medication reviews in assessing the benefits and side-effects of prescribed medication. Pharmacists were valued for their reliable medication expertise, appreciated by GPs for saving time and providing recommendations prior to consultations with individuals with dementia and their next-of-kin. Although medication reviews were considered beneficial, there was skepticism about their ability to solve all medication-related problems associated with dementia care. Conclusions The healthcare professionals generally had a positive attitude towards collaborating with pharmacists. The study highlighted the importance of involving healthcare professionals in the implementation of new work processes to ensure employee commitment and successful adoption.