Phenolic resin derivatized TiO 2 -walnut shell carbon hybrid materials for solar photocatalytic phenol removal

Abstract

Abstract In this study, phenolic resin modified TiO2 (PF/TiO2), TiO2/WSC (Walnut shell carbon) and PF/TiO2/WSC hybrid composites were successfully synthesized by sol-gel method. The obtained TiO2-based composites were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR and XPS techniques. The phase characterization results showed that TiO2 phase is anatase in PF/TiO2/WSC (300℃, 2h) composite material, also TiO2 was uniformly loaded on the surface of the WSC to make the binding energy of Ti shift. Ti–O–C bonds are formed in the prepared TiO2/WSC and PF/TiO2/WSC (300℃, 2h) photocatalyst. When the catalyst dosage was 2.0 g/L, the initial phenol concentration was 80 mg/L, 10%PF/30%TiO2/WSC composite showed the best activity and its degradation rate was 88.14% under sunlight for 150 min. The active centers of PF/TiO2/WSC photocatalytic degradation of phenol were ·OH and ·O2- , and the photocatalytic degradation mechanism was proposed. The synergistic system of WSC adsorption and the superior photocatalytic performance of phenolic resin modified TiO2 achieved high degradation efficiency of pollutants in water and provided a new idea for solar photocatalytic removal of pollutants.