Contribution of environmental determinants to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes Mellitus in a life-course perspective: a systematic review protocol.

Abstract

Abstract Background: Prevention policies of the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) focus solely on individual healthy lifestyle behaviours; while, an increasing number of research recognizes involvement of environmental determinants such as, cultural norms of land management and planning in urban or rural areas, local foodscape, built environment, and neighbourhood deprivation. Precise knowledge of this relationship has therefore become necessary in order to propose prevention strategy that integrates public health and spatial planning. Unfortunately, problems of consistency and synthesis of methods and results in this field of research limit the development of preventive strategies. The aim of this systematic review is to refine knowledge about the relationship between the risk of developing T2DM in adulthood and long-term exposure during childhood or teenage years to its main environmental déterminants. Methods: This protocol is outlining according the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols tools (PRISMA-P). Three information specialists from Laval University libraries were consulted for the research strategy. Electronic databases (PubMed Central, Embase Elsevier, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, EBESCO host) and grey literature (theses, dissertations and research reports) will be used for data collection. Based on the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome and Study Design approach, the Covidence application will be used to store the collected data, to perform the selection and extraction. Studies publised from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2022 in English or French, used quantitative data about individuals aged 18 and over, that report on T2DM (based on medical screening or the use of administrative health data or a concordance study published on self-reported T2DM.), environmental determinants (e.g. cultural norms of land management and planning in urban or rural areas, local foodscape, built environment, and neighbourhood deprivation) and their association (Involving only risk estimators) will be included. Then, study quality and risk of bias will be conducted according to the Effective Public Health Practice Project criteria and ratings. Discussion: This systematic review will contribute, in this field of research, to refine current knowledge and developing more efficient intersectoral interventions in land use, regional planning and public health. Systematic review registration:PROSPERO CRD42023392073