Employment and Health in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region During COVID Pandemic: A Multicenter Cross- Sectional Study-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Employment and Health in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region During COVID Pandemic: A Multicenter Cross- Sectional Study

Published:2023-09-26 Issue: Volume: Page:
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Author:

Elsamman Kholoud¹,Al-Najar Maged²,Sweedy Rahma³,Hamza Nouran³,Aqmati Huda⁴,Mora Wageeda⁵,Radwan Mervat⁶,Elhwety Marwa⁷,Al-Shalabi Donia Nezar⁸,Mosilhy Ethar Ahmed⁹,Tiryag Ali Malik¹⁰,Shaban Mohannad Abdalfdeel Almahie¹¹,Mohamed Zinelabedin⁴,Abusabha Saja E¹²,Hamed Nourhene Ben¹³,Ayed Emna Ben¹³,Salah Rand Ashraf¹²,Kadri Saeed A.¹⁴,albakri Ezat¹⁴,saad Mahmoud sayed¹⁵,Tarawneh Dana J. Al¹⁶,jeha Mohamad¹⁴,Zohny Esraa Amr¹⁵,Noor Ali Mohammed¹⁷,Abdalla Yassin Abdelrahim Ahmed¹⁸,Alghazali Murad¹⁹,Elkaseh Kathloum⁷,alsadawi Marwa Saif annaser²⁰,al-Hamid Sarah Hamdy Khalaf Abd²¹,Shawabka Amal M²²,alsadi Dheya alhaq²,Alkurdi khalil hussain¹⁴,Hammadi Jihene¹³,AlGhatm Hussain Yousef²³,El-Dardiri Osama²⁴,Hazzaa Noora Abdulhussein²⁵,Kahwaji Areej²⁶,Dewedar Doaa²⁷,Baroudi Ihsan²⁸,Ahmed Ibrahim Mutwakil Gamal²⁹,Ahmed Gamal Mutwakil Gamal³⁰,Alwrafi Hanan Taha³¹,Kchaou Amel¹³,AlMusabeh Hassan M.J³²,Alshargi Omar³³,Khaled Abrar¹⁹,Eltahir Mohammed Tageldin Elhadi²⁹,Abbas Mohammed Muatasim¹⁸,Gouri Adel³⁴,Dekaken Aoulia³⁵,Mellouki Adil³⁶,Braik Asma³⁶,Alzaid Samah Mukhlef²³,Al-Gharify Zainalabideen Yasser¹⁷,Hassan Hassan Saleh³⁷,malek Ayadi mohamed¹³,Alanazi Faten Altourki²³

Affiliation:

1. Ain Shams University

2. Al-Hikma University

3. Medical Agency for Research and Statistics

4. Department of pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tobruk University, Libya

5. Faculty of medicine

6. Faculty pharmacy, Nahda, Beni-suef, Egypt

7. Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University

8. Al Hashemite university, Alzarqa, Jordan

9. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt

10. University of Basrah

11. Alzaiem Alazhari University

12. Palestine Polytechnic University

13. University of Sfax

14. Syrian Private University

15. Kasraliny Medical School

16. College of Medicine, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University

17. Ministry of Health, Higher Institute of Health, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq

18. Omdurman Islamic University

19. Faculty of pharmacy, University of Since and Technology

20. University of Tripoli

21. Sohag University

22. Faculty of medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine

23. Gurayat General Hospital

24. Al Azhar University

25. Kirkuk Health Directorate

26. Damascus University

27. Alexandria University

28. Hama university

29. Police Hospital, Khartoum

30. Sebha medical Center

31. Sana'a University

32. AlHasa Health Cluster

33. Riyadh Elm University

34. Badji Mokhtar University

35. El Okbi Public Hospital

36. University of 8 May

37. Ministry of Health, Higher Institute of Health in Al-Muthana, Iraq

Abstract

Abstract Background The COVID-19 epidemic and its economic consequences were devastating. Tens of millions of workers were laid off in the early months of the crisis. While employment started to recover within a few months, it remained high into 2020. Improving employment and significant alleviation measures aided in reducing the very high levels of suffering experienced in the summer of 2020. Nonetheless, significant unmet need persisted at the end of 2021, with 20 million families reporting having too little to eat and 10 million households falling behind on rent. Early in 2022, around 3 million fewer people are working than before the epidemic, yet substantial improvement has been made, notably in recent months. Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine how COVID-19 has affected the safety, health, and economics of the labour force in the MENA region. Results Work attendance dropped significantly throughout the pandemic. It was reported that 42.4% were worried about being infected at work and that 73.2% were worried about spreading the virus to others in the workplace. The majority of individuals who routinely went to work (37.1%) did so without taking the essential measures, despite the fact that 33.5% of them had symptoms consistent with COVID-19. Only 19.8% of workers reported improvement in their health, 64.9% experienced substantial sleep problems in the previous month, and 64.2% were at risk for mental illness. Use of tranquillizers, opioids, and analgesics skyrocketed in comparison to times before the epidemic. Conclusion The research uncovers unsettling work environments and a drop in health markers in the MENA region at the height of the pandemic. It suggests that COVID-19 may have intensified inequalities related to socioeconomic status, gender, and age. It's vital, once the pandemic is over, to keep a close eye on these conditions and work towards reversing the decline.

Publisher

Research Square Platform LLC

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