Electrospun Gelatin Nanofibers with Lumbrokinase for Accelerated Wound Healing: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations

Abstract

Abstract Background Wound healing is a highly complex and intricate biological process involving cellular and molecular events. This study aims to investigate the potential of gelatin nanofibers containing lumbrokinase (LK), a fibrinolytic enzyme derived from earthworms, fabricated through electrospinning as a novel therapeutic strategy for promoting wound healing. Methods This study determined the therapeutical concentration of lumbrokinase (LK) through in vitro cell proliferation assay, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammation assay. In addition, the co-culture experiment confirmed that the GLK membrane fabricated for one hour obtained good biocompatibility and could release effective drug concentrations for collagen production, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory effect. Finally, a rat model was utilized to evaluate the efficacy of GLK in skin wound healing. Results The results indicated that the GLK membrane has a noticeable wound-healing effect on the local wounds of rats. Moreover, it shortens wound healing time, reduces damage caused by inflammation, and increases collagen production, angiogenesis, and fibroblast proliferation and epithelialization. Conclusion The GLK membrane incorporating lumbrokinase exhibited promising potential as a wound dressing for enhancing wound healing, reducing inflammation, and promoting angiogenesis. The findings have the potential for developing advanced wound dressings with improved therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, they may pave the way for clinical application in the future.