Deciphering of seed Health of common food grains(wheat,rice) of North Eastern UP and Gurgaon Haryana, India

Abstract

AbstractThe stored samples of food grains of wheat and rice(60 samples) were purchased from places of Eastern UP and Gurgaon district Haryana. Its moisture contents were estimated.The Mycological investigations of wheat revealed presence of a total number of 16 fungal species viz.,Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus candidus ,Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. ochraceous ,A. phoenicis, A. tamari,A. terreus, A. sydowi ,Fusarium moniliforme, F. oxysporum F. solani ,P. glabrum ,Rhizopus nigricans, Trichoderma virideandTrichothecium roseum.While Mycological analysis of rice seeds showed presence of 15 fungal species viz.,Alternaria padwickii, A. oryzae, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium moniliforme, Aspergillus clavatus, A. flavus, A. niger, Cladosporium sp., Nigrospora oryzae, Alternaria tenuissima, Chaetomium globosum, F. solani, Microascus cirrosus, Helminthosporium oryzae, Pyricularia grisea.It also projected variation in presence of fungal species in blotter and agar plate method of analysis. The insect analysis revealed that wheat samples were infected withTriboliumcastaneum.While rice sample showed presence of insectSitophilus oryzae.The investigations revealed thatAspergillus flavus, A.niger,Sitophilus oryzaeandTribolium castaneumcaused reduction in seed weight loss, seed germination,carbohydrate and protein contents of common food grains(wheat,rice).It also revealed that randomly selectedA. flavusisolate 1 of wheat showed higher potential of aflatoxin B1production (1392.940 µg/l) while rice isolate 2 showed 1231.117 µg/l production.