Shared rules between planetary orbits existing in multi-planet systems and their functions

Abstract

Abstract Nearly 300 systems containing three or more confirmed planets have been discovered, which have the potential to reflect more orbital features in addition to mean motion resonances (MMRs) since they are all controlled by the same central gravitation. By using the method of orbital ratio parameter analysis, we calculated the observation data of the planetary orbits of these systems. The calculations show the orbital relationships between all planets of each system in a clearer quantification way, including the planets of MMRs. By comparisons and statistics, we found some features shared by different systems. We summarized these features into the shared rules between planetary orbits, from which we derived related equations, principles and traits. We will offer explanations. The shared rules, more likely appearing along with system formation, can help learn about the true planetary configuration of a system and its change. Because of varying factors, many systems show large deviation rates, which affect the clear display of the shared rules. Even so, the calculation with corresponding equations and judgment according to corresponding principles still reflect that the shared rules exist in 88 of the 101 extrasolar systems containing four or more planets. We further analyzed these systems, provided the suggestions of migratory and absent exoplanets, and calculated related orbits. Meanwhile, we summarized five main reasons for large deviation rates, which can objectively explain why some systems do not clearly show the shared rules. The shared rules provide a new approach for studying the changes in planetary configurations, the completeness of multi-planet systems, and their evolution.