Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a late-of-onset neurodegenerative disease that affects elder people. Despite immense research on deciphering the pathophysiology of AD, the precise etiology of AD remains still elusive. Deregulations of miRNAs play essential roles in AD pathogenesis and as a result, they might be potential biomarkers for AD development and diagnosis. This study was aimed to assess the expression of miR-214, miR-204, miR-15a, miR-25, and investigate their correlations with the expression of IL-33, plasma level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of the AD patients. Blood samples were obtained from125 participants including 75 AD patients and 50 healthy controls. Plasma and Blood leukocytes were isolated and used for subsequent analysis. Results showed that the plasma level of MDA was significantly higher in the AD patients. Besides, IL-33, miR-15a and miR-25 were downregulated in the patients’ group but miR-214 and miR-204 expressions were upregulated. Plasma MDA level showed a negative correlation with the MMSE and a positive correlation with the IL-33 expression. We also observed a statistically meaningful negative correlation between miR-15a and IL-33 expressions. Correlations between the studied miRNAs and MDA were all non-significant. Furthermore, none of the miRNAs or IL-33 expressions were correlated with the MMSE scores. ROC curve analysis revealed that expressions of the studied miRNAs, IL-33, and the plasma level of MDA could differentiate AD patients from healthy controls. In conclusion, our results showed that expressions of miR-214, miR-204, miR-25, miR-15a, IL33, and plasma level of MDA might be considered as potential biomarkers for AD development and diagnosis.