Added sugar, lifestyle characteristics and serum uric acid levels are associated with the increased risk of coronary artery disease: A questionnaire-based case-control study

Abstract

Abstract Background Some studies suggest that the added sugar and unhealthy lifestyle are considered as risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), but the accurate relationship between them is less clear. This research evaluates the potential influence of added sugar, lifestyle characteristics and some clinical parameters on the risk of CAD. Methods A total of 223 participants including 111 cases and 112 controls were enrolled into this study. Population characteristics were obtained through questionnaires and clinical parameters. Data were tested by varieties of statistical methods. Results The comparison results of population characteristics and dietary survey showed that diabetes, physical exercise, UA level, juice, fired food, seafood and health products intake were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis results indicated that diabetes, physical exercise, UA level, BMI, weight changes, instant food, seafood, sugar beverage and health products intake were influence factors for CAD (p < 0.05). Stratified analysis results showed that UA levels of Non-CAD patients with HBP were significantly higher than that of normal subjects both in overweight and normal group (BMI > 24: p = 0.0154, BMI ≤ 24: p = 0.0343). The UA levels in CAD patients, with normal weight and smoking habit, were significantly high compared with Non-CAD group (p = 0.024). Conclusions Added sugar beverage and high UA level are independent risk factors associated with the increased risk of CAD. Healthy lifestyles such as physical exercise, intake of seafood are beneficial to prevent CAD. Traditional risk factors including smoking and HBP also potentially increase the risk of CAD in certain groups.