Abstract
Background –
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most common infection, affecting 150 million people each year worldwide. Enterobacteriaceae species expressing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are on the rise across the globe and are becoming a severe problem in the therapeutic management of clinical cases of urinary tract infection. Knowledge of the prevalence and antibiogram profile of such isolates is essential to develop an appropriate treatment methodology. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae isolates exhibiting ESBL and their selective oral antibiogram profile at the district general hospital, Polonnaruwa.
Results -
A total of 4386 urine specimens received to the Microbiology Laboratory during the study period. Among them, 1081 (25%) showed positive results for urine culture while 200/1081 specimens showed ESBL isolates. Out of the selected 200 specimen’s majority (72%) of samples received from the In-Patient Department. There were 200 patients and reported that 115 (58%) were females and 85 (42%) were males. The majority (51%) of the patients belong to the age group of 55–74 years. Among the ESBLs positive specimens, the majority 74.5% (n = 149) identified organisms were E. coli followed by Klebsiella spp.17.5% (n = 35), Enterobacteriaceae 7% (n = 14) and only1% (n = 2) isolate of Proteus spp. Mecillinam (86.30%) and Nitrofurantoin (83.56%) showed higher effectiveness against E. coli. Nitrofurantoin showed the highest effectiveness against Klebsiella spp. (31.58%), other Enterobacteriaceae spp. (79%). Proteus spp. showed 100% effectiveness and resistance respectively against Ciprofloxacin, Cotrimoxazole and Nitrofurantoin.
Conclusion -
The most predominant ESBLs producing uro-pathogen was the E. coli in the study setting and E. coli had higher sensitivity rate against Mecillinam. Among currently used oral antibiotics Nitrofurantoin was the best choice for UTIs caused by ESBL producers.