Can Wheel Polishers Improve Surface Properties and Color Stability of Monochromatic Resin Composites?

Abstract

Background To investigate the surface roughness, gloss, and color change of monochromatic resin composites polished with wheel systems after being immersed in coffee. Materials and Methods Omnichroma, Zenchroma, Essentia Universal, Charisma Diamond One and NeoSpectra ST were used to obtain 24-disc samples/group. Only one side of the sample was polished with Twist Dia (TWD) or Nova Twist (NOV). The samples were examined for surface roughness, gloss, and color (ΔE and ΔE₀₀) before and after 7 days of immersion in coffee and subsequent repolishing. The discs were examined via SEM. ANOVA, Tukey’s test, Pearson’s correlation test, T-tests, and Dunnett’s post-hoc test were used to analyze the data. Results For TWD groups, the smoothest material was Omnichroma (p < 0.05), while for NOV groups, the smoothest material was Omnichroma and Zenchroma. Omnichroma was the glossiest, while Charisma Diamond One was the least glossy. Similarly, in the TWD groups, Charisma Diamond One and Essentia Universal were the most discolored, while Zenchroma and Omnichroma were the least discoloured. Similarly, for the NOV groups, Essentia Universal and Charisma Diamond One were the most discolored, while NeoSpectra ST, Omnichroma and Zenchroma were the least discoloured. After repolishing, Charisma Diamond One did not reach the level of ΔE < 2, while the other groups showed values below. Color evaluation with the CIELab and CIEDE2000 systems revealed similar results for the TWD groups after post-staining. Conclusions Smooth and glossy surfaces could be achieved with the wheel system regardless of the composite resin. Repolishing after discoloration ensures that the color recovery is below the acceptable limit. Color evaluations with CIELab and CIEDE2000 yielded similar results.