Hesperidin Protects the Hippocampus histological architecture and Cognitive Functions of Albino Wistar Rats from Deleterious Effects of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Abstract It was reported that hesperidin (HSD) is an ingredient extracted from lemon and orange that could play a role in the protection against neurodegenerative diseases. The link between the diabetic condition and cognitive ability is still not fully understood. The current research work was designed and conducted to help in understanding the link between HSD and cognitive functions in a rat model of diabetes. Forty rats were assigned into four groups, two of them developed diabetes. Rats received HSD which appeared to protect the cognitive functions and reduce the pro-inflammatory mediators. In conclusion, as presented in (Fig. 9), DM was found to affect the hippocampus by increasing IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, and ROS and decreasing IL-4, IL-10, SOD, and CAT. These could affect the histological architecture and are reflected as impairment of cognitive functions. On the other hand, HSD was found to play a protective role on the hippocampus against the deleterious effects of DM.