Green Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Aquoes Extract of G. Mangostana leaves at Different Calcination Temperatures

Abstract

Abstract This study aims to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles at different calcination temperatures (300 oC, 400 oC, 500 oC, and 600 oC) using the green synthesis method by aquoes Extract of G. mangostana leaves as a bioreductor of ZnO nanoparticles. The active groups contained in mangosteen leaf extract act as a bioreductor and capping agent, assisting in the synthesis of nanoparticles. The characterization of ZnO NPs using aquoes extract of G. mangostana leaves bioreductor at different calcination temperatures was evaluated by a Particle size analyzer (PSA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Characterization results using PSA showed an average particle size between 641.97 nm − 915.94 nm. SEM showed some particles in nanoform and agglomeration. EDX showed that the elements of ZnO NPs consisted of Zn and oxygen. XRD showed a specific peak of ZnO crystallinity at 2θ = 36.25o, with a crystal size of 40.98–46.92 nm, and FTIR showed the presence of ZnO vibrations at cm− 1 and the absorption peak of the -OH functional group at 3330.58–3415.04. In conclusion, ZnO NPs with aquoes Extract of G. mangostana leaves as a bioreductor could synthesize at 300 oC with a smaller size than 600 oC.