Climate change impacts and responses index: risks, opportunities and policy implications

Abstract

Abstract Identifying climate change risks, vulnerability of exposed population and responses to climate change are critical to develop effective strategies to mitigate climate hazards. In this study, we have developed a climate change impacts and responses (CCIR) index that incorporates comprehensive information on climate risks, health burdens and actions that are taken in response to climate risks and damage. According to our knowledge, the CCIR index is the first of its kind that explores both climate impacts and mitigation actions. The CCIR index was positively correlated with national GDP per capita because wealthier countries can allocate more resources to mitigating climate impacts. Countries with better climate education tended to lower their carbon footprint. Furthermore, countries with higher risks of emerging infectious diseases that were more likely to consume more renewable energy. By identifying climate risks and opportunities, the CCIR index can help policymakers design, refine, and implement adaptation policies and actions to respond to the impacts of climate change.