Exploring bite force as an indicator of frailty phenotype: a pilot study

Abstract

Objectives The aim of the study was to explore the correlation between bite force and grip strength as measures of frailty in the elderly. Materials and Methods Elderly people completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, protocols for measuring bite force, handgrip strength using dynamometry and body composition analysis using electrical bioimpedance. Statistical analyses were carried out to assess the association between these variables. Results We assessed 59 participants. The results indicate a positive correlation between bite force and grip strength, even after controlling for age and body mass index (BMI). There are positive and significant correlations between BITE and GRIP forces, which means that increases (decreases) in bite force values are accompanied by increases (decreases) in handgrip force values. Conclusion Our results suggest that decreased bite strength may increase the risk of frailty over time. In conclusion, the study suggests that bite force can serve as a useful indicator of frailty risk in the elderly and calls for further research to validate these initial results in larger samples. This correlation emphasises the importance of oral health in the care of the elderly and in frailty prevention strategies.