Enhancing Energy Efficiency in Lightweight Concrete Walls: Validating the Effectiveness of Glycerin Wax as a Phase Change Material through Finite volume method (FVM)

Abstract

Abstract This study presents an innovative approach to enhance energy saving in lightweight concrete walls by incorporating glycerin wax as a phase change material (PCM). The study examines the impact of incorporating 20mm of glycerin wax on the outer surface of lightweight concrete blocks, aiming to enhance energy efficiency in lightweight concrete walls. The effectiveness of this material integration is evaluated through simulation using the Finite Volume Method (FVM). Thermal conductivity, phase change characteristics, and thermal stability of glycerin wax are evaluated to assess its potential as a PCM for lightweight concrete walls. The study demonstrates that glycerin wax, with its low conductivity, acceptable specific capacity, and high latent enthalpy, is a superior candidate for building applications. By adding PCM to lightweight concrete blocks with a thickness of 100 mm, a significant reduction in energy consumption is achieved, with a remarkable energy-saving of 95%. An annual energy-saving of 300 kWh/m2 is attained by loading PCM into lightweight concrete blocks at a thickness of 100 cm. To validate the energy efficiency gains, the FVM simulation method is employed, considering heat transfer, thermal conductivity, and phase change phenomena. The simulation results showcase the substantial improvements in energy efficiency obtained by incorporating glycerin wax as a PCM in lightweight concrete walls. The findings of this research contribute to advancing sustainable building practices and provide valuable insights for architects, engineers, and researchers interested in optimizing energy efficiency in building envelopes. The study confirms the potential of glycerin wax as a phase change material for enhancing the thermal behavior of concrete-based walls, leading to significant energy consumption reduction and promoting energy-efficient building constructions.