Development and initiation of a preceptor program to improve midwifery and nursing clinical education in sub-Saharan Africa: Protocol for a mixed methods study

Abstract

Abstract Background:Expanding the quality and quantity of midwifery and nursing clinical preceptors is a critical need in many sub-Saharan educational settings to strengthen students’ clinical learning outcomes, and ultimately to improve maternal and child mortality. Therefore, this study was developed to establish a year-long, four step, precepting program to 1) improve partnership building and program development 2) provide an evidence-based course to expand competency and confidence in precepting students 3) select preceptors to become train the trainers and 4) secure accreditation for the program, ultimately to engage and support cohorts of preceptors and continue to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the program over five years. Methods:Qualitative and quantitative approaches will be used including evaluation of preceptors, faculty and leadership involved with the program, as well as students taught by preceptors. Data will include validated self-assessment scales, objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs), satisfaction surveys, and direct clinical observation, in-depth interviews and/or focus group discussions (preceptors); feedback forms (students); process mapping and organizational readiness for implementing change surveys (faculty and leadership). Median change in scores will be the primary outcome for quantitative data. Content analysis within a deductive framework to identify key implementation and adoption themes will be used for qualitative data analysis. Discussion:This study aims to assess the readiness and early effectiveness for implementing a preceptor program for midwifery and nursing in Sierra Leone and Malawi. Determining the effectiveness of this program will guide future adaptations in order to strengthen the program for sustainability and potential scale-up.