Prediction of Avena sativa MicroRNAs and Their Impact on the Growth and Development

Abstract

AbstractIntroduction: MicroRNAs play a crucial role in regulating the expression of protein-coding genes, impacting diverse biological processes. Computational techniques have enabled the identification and characterization of miRNAs with essential functions in development, metabolism, pathogen response, and apoptosis. Methods: To predict miRNAs and their target genes, TamiRPred, a versatile research tool, was utilized. The predicted miRNA sequences were compared to known monocot plant miRNAs using BLASTn to assess their conservation. Gene Ontology (GO) terms were assigned based on molecular functions, biological processes, and cellular components. Pathway analysis was conducted to explore the impact of predicted miRNAs on Avena sativa's growth and development. Results: Our study focused on identifying miRNAs inAvena sativaand their associated target genes. We discovered miRNAs that exist in both sense and antisense strands, leading us to adopt an efficient approach for miRNA identification. Phylogenetic analysis revealed evolutionary connections with cereals likeOryza sativa,Zea mays, andTriticum aestivum. Notably, we identified principal target genes, including Lrr14, wPR4g, and Pm3, which are associated with defense mechanisms. MiRNAs were also found to modulate the expression of disease resistance genes, such as chitinase and ND4L. Molecular function analysis highlighted the influence of miRNAs on growth and development processes, involving ATP binding, metal ion binding, and nutrition reservoir activity. Furthermore, our protein-protein interaction network analysis underscored the importance of specific target genes inAvena sativa. Conclusion: These findings provide valuable insights into the functional roles of predicted miRNAs in plant growth and development, offering a foundation for future research in this field.