Terbium-Based Dual-Ligand Metal Organic Framework by Diffusion Method for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Danofloxacin in Aqueous Medium

Abstract

AbstractA water-dispersible Tb(III)-based Metal Organic Framework (TBP) has been produced by diffusion technique using benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (BTC) and pyridine as ligands at low-cost and accessible starting materials. The thermal stability, crystalline nature, and rod-shaped morphology of the synthesized TBP have been confirmed by thermogravimetric (TGA), crystallographic (PXRD), and morphological (FE-SEM) studies. Various spectroscopic techniques have been carried out for detailed qualitative, quantitative, and photoluminescence (PL) analyses. For the quick and precise identification of Danofloxacin (DANO), TBP can be used as a sensor in an aqueous medium with significant enhancement compared to various fluoroquinolone antibiotics (levofloxacin (LEVO), ofloxacin (OFLO), norfloxacin (NOR), and ciprofloxacin (CIPRO)) with low detection limit of 0.45 ng/mL (1.25 nM).According to in-depth mechanistic studies of the density functional theory (DFT) calculations and mode of action, hydrogen bonding interactions and photo-induced electron transfer (PET) are the major factors for turn-on enhancement behaviour of TBP to DANO. The advantages of TBP include simple recovery and reuse for at least three cycles without noticeable loss of sensitivity. All of these characteristics profoundly show how beneficial the detection of DANO in aqueous environments is for the security and safety of the public.