Receptor based study of ethanolic seed extract of Butea frondosa Roxb. Ex. Willd for involvement of cholinergic pathway in regulation with NO signaling to establish a potential anti-trematodal drug against Paramphistomum cervi

Abstract

Abstract Purpose Reports were found for traditional use of Butea frondosa Roxb. Ex. Willd for nematode infection but its anti-trematodal property and mechanistic action as an anthelmintic is not yet established. Therefore, present study was conducted to evaluate the same as an anti-trematodal agent. Methods Mature and healthy Paramphistomum cervi were collected from the rumen of freshly slaughtered cattle of local abattoir in warm HBSS. For in vitro motility study, six adult P. cervi in each Petri dish having different dilutions of extracts in HBSS ranging from 50, 150, 300, 500, 1000 and 3000 µg/ml and standard Oxyclozanide (10− 5 M) with control receiving only HBSS were taken and incubated at 38 ± 1° C for 5 h. Based on their gross visual motility, ethanolic seed extract of B. frondosa Roxb. Ex. Willd in various concentrations (100, 300, 1000 and 3000 µg/ml) were added to the isometrically mounted P. cervi on isolated tissue bath and their effects on spontaneous muscular activity of P. cervi were estimated. Results Ethanolic seed extract of B. frondosa Roxb. Ex. Willd @ 1000 and 3000 µg/ml showed complete death of worms within 1 hr of exposure which was comparable with the standard drug Oxyclozanide @10− 5 M. For neuropharmacological evaluation on isolated tissue bath, ethanolic seed extract of B. frondosa Roxb. Ex. Willd was found to be hyperpolarizing in nature and caused paralysis and death of worms @ 3000 µg/ml.