Association of LDL-cholesterol subtractions with cardiovascular disorders: A systematic review

Abstract

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the association between Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions and cardiovascular disorders. Methods: For to ensure the rigor of the systematic review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used. For this systematic review, a comprehensive search strategy in important databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, International Statistical Institute (ISI) Web of Science and google scholar from 2009 to February 2021 was performed. Also, for the evaluation of the risk of bias, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used. Results: At the end of the search process, 33 articles were included in this study. The results of more of the evaluated studies were shown that the higher LDL particle number was consistently associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, independent of other lipid measurements. Also, small dense LDL was associated with an increased risk of CVDs. There wasn’t any association between LDL subfraction with CVDs in a small number of studies. Conclusions: Overall, it seems that the evaluation of LDL subclasses can be used as a very suitable biomarker for the evaluation and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, further studies are needed to identify the mechanisms involved.