Fear of hypoglycaemia among insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Abstract To analyze the occurrence and influencing factors of fear of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin. From June 2021 to June 2022, hospitalized T2DM patients with a history of hypoglycemia episodes in the past six months were randomly selected as research subjects in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University by convenient sampling, and paper questionnaires were distributed on the spot and collected on the spot by researchers who had received unified training, including general information questionnaire, hypoglycemic fear scale (HFS-II.) A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed, and 278 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 92.7%. Among the 278 patients with T2DM, 171 were male, (61.5%), 107 were female, (38.5%), age 58 (53, 66) years, glycated hemoglobin 8.76% (7.4%, 10.32%), HFS-II total score was 19.5 (10.75, 31). The total scores of HFS-II. in T2DM patients with different disease course, BMI, gender ,ethnicity, hypoglycemia type, frequency of blood glucose monitoring, number of hypoglycemia in the past six months, and peripheral neuropathy lesions were significantly compared(P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that the regression equation is significant, F=13.119, P<0.001. Among them, ethnicity(Uygur B=1.036, P<0.001), blood glucose monitoring frequency (>3 times a week, B=1.196, P<0.001; ≤1 time per month, B=0.883, P<0.001; 2~3 times a month B=0.678, P=0.014), the number of occurrences of hypoglycemia in the past six months (3~4 times B=0.958,P<0.001;>6 times B=0.939, P<0.001), hypoglycemia type (severe hypoglycemia B=1.273, P=0.007;pseudohypoglycemia B=1.195, P<0.001;Symptomatic hypoglycemia B=0.592, P=0.029) was an influencing factor in FoH and explained 28.3% of the total variation (R2=0.306, adjusted R2=0.283). Ethnicity, the number of hypoglycemia occurrences in the past six months, the type of hypoglycemia, and the frequency of blood glucose monitoring are the influencing factors of FOH in T2DM patients. Medical staff should screen patients' psychology early, actively provide individualized treatment, strengthen diabetes education.