Characterization of Biofilm Structures Produced by Some Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria and Their Colonization on Plant Roots

Abstract

Abstract Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) increase plant root development and provide plants with maximum nutrient uptake opportunities for better growth. Besides promoting growth, PGPRs have a number of functions including stress tolerance (heat, drought, salinity and disease), bioremediation of heavy metals, biodegradation of complex toxic organic compounds, biocontrol agents and biofilm formation. The interaction between various plant growth promoting rhizobacteria was mainly investigated under the planktonic growth mode. In-depth investigation of biofilm development on root surface and rhizosphere colonization is needed to improve understanding of plant-microorganism interaction. In this study; The biofilm structures formed by Bacillus drentensis, Bacillus mojavensis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida and Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus bacteria, which have plant growth promoting properties, were characterized by Raman and FT-IR Spectroscopy. In addition, the biofilm formation capacity of these bacteria on polystyrene surfaces was determined by the crystal violet test, and the colonization of Bacillus drentensis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus bacteria on Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia ecotype roots was determined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis.