Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer activities of the pods of green broad bean (Vicia faba L.), in vitro

Abstract

AbstractThis study aimed to benefit from the pods’ byproduct of the broad bean (the outer shell). The chemical composition of the green pods was estimated. The methanolic extract of the broad bean pods (BBPs) activity was investigated in vitro as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer against prostate cancer (Pc3) and liver cancer (HepG2) cells. The findings revealed that BBPs have a high content of carbohydrates, fiber, protein, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. The total phenols and flavonoids of BBP extract were 286mg GAE/ g and 105 mgQE/g, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the BBP methanolic extract was measured by 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The highest value of DPPH scavenging activity (80.5%) was achieved by the extract concentrations of 1000 ug/ml. The concentrations of 500 and 250 ug/ml of BBP extract also showed high levels of DPPH scavenging activity (73.7 and 65.7%), respectively whereas the IC50value was 87.35 ug/ml. The methanolic extract of BBP has an anti-inflammatory effect as it significantly reduces RBCs hemolysis. The maximum inhibition percentage reached 66.7% with a concentration of 1000ug/ml. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, it was noticed that BBP extract prevented the growth ofB. subtilis, Staph. Aureus,E. coliandPseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriaas well as the fungusCandida albicans. The effect of the methanolic extract of BBP against human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) and prostate cancer (PC3) cells showed significant decreases in their cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. It also caused significant changes in cell shape compared to the control.