Facile and low-cost fabrication of Fe3O4@CNTs nanocomposites for effective absorption of electromagnetic waves with high efficiency

Abstract

Abstract In this paper, Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and nanocomposites of Fe3O4 NPs and functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) under different weight ratios have been made for use in electromagnetic waves (EMW) absorbers in the frequency range of 18-8GHz. Therefore, their structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties were investigated. At first, iron oxide NPs with the chemical formula Fe3O4 were successfully synthesized by the nitrate-citrate method. Then ,CNTs are combined with Fe3O4 NPs under different weight ratios until the desired nanocomposite is formed. After determining the crystal structure of the samples by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Surface morphology and elemental analysis by scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectrum attached to it (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Determining the magnetic properties using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), And checking the dielectric properties of all the samples were done by vector network analyzer (VNA) at room temperature. Fe3O4 NPs /carbon nanotubes (Fe3O4/CNTs) nanocomposites were prepared in six different weight ratios and fully characterized. That among the examples, Sample NC3 under thickness d = 2.25 mm had the best loss in the X frequency band, which came − 27.07 dB. Also, sample NC4 under thickness d = 5.00 mm had the best loss in the Ku frequency band, which came − 38.21 dB.