Affiliation:
1. Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga
2. Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga
3. Delima Husada Gresik Health Analyst Academy
Abstract
Abstract
Incense (bakhour) is used by the community through ceremonies, traditional health practices, and aromatherapy. Nevertheless, evidence from experiments and studies of populations suggests that a habit of burning incense makes the lungs work less well. The study investigated the relationship between exposure to incense smoke and impaired lung function and respiratory diseases. Data tracing was carried out systematically by following PRISMA guidelines and establishing inclusion and exclusion criteria for filtering, selecting, and including articles registered in the PROSPERO database. This study describes respiratory symptoms/ diseases, home use of incense, and lung function measurement.Six articles were included; 6 articles (100%) reported using incense indoors, and five (83%) reported using incense outside the home. Respiratory symptoms and diseases caused by exposure to incense sticks are 5 (83%) shortness of breath, 6 (100%) wheezing, asthma, and inflammation of the lungs, 2 (33%) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 4 (67%) allergic rhinitis. Incense smoke particles decrease lung function based on FVC, FEV, PEFR, and FEF values of 25-75%. The results indicate that smoking incense adversely affects lung function and leads to respiratory diseases. The community and related parties can minimize and conduct education and prevention related to simultaneous incense exposure in the community to reduce the burden of diseases and disorders due to respiratory incense smoke in areas that use it daily.
Publisher
Research Square Platform LLC
Reference38 articles.
1. Characteristics of exposure to particles due to incense burning inside temples in Kanpur, India;Goel A;Aerosol Air Qual Res,2017
2. N. L. G. Sudaryati, I. M. D. M. Adnyana, and I. W. Suarda, “Effectiveness of Galuhayu Incense Kluwih Flower (Artocarpus camansi), Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius), Wood Powder as an Insecticide to Minimize Aedes aegypti Mosquito,” in 4th International Conference of Interreligious and Intercultural Studies (ICIIS) Community, 2020, pp. 90–99.
3. A community-based study on associations between PM2.5 and PM1 exposure and heart rate variability using wearable low-cost sensing devices;Tsou MCM;Environmental Pollution,2021
4. Green worship: The effects of devotional and behavioral factors on adopting electronic incense products in religious practices;Qin Z;Int J Environ Res Public Health,2019
5. Incense smoke: clinical, structural and molecular effects on airway disease;Lin T-C;Clinical and Molecular Allergy,2008