Use of cold plasma treatment to improve banana tolerance against Fusarium wilt disease

Abstract

Abstract Bananas (Musaspp.), which serves millions of people worldwide, face a serious threat from Fusarium wilt (FW) disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.cubense (Foc). Developing disease-resistant varieties particularly through breeding is challenging due to bananas' seedless nature (parthenocarpic). As an alternative, cold plasma (CP) technology, has the potential to be used for crop improvement. Our study demonstrates a favourable impact of CP on the growth performance of banana (Berangan cultivar) in terms of height, leaf number and stem diameter. Plasma treated plants also displayed delayed disease progression as well as lower disease severity indicated by slightly lower value of leaf symptoms index (LSI) and rhizome discoloration index (RDI) compared to controls. Additionally, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis revealed upregulation of several defence (PR1, WRKY22, PAL, CEBiP) and growth (Cytochrome P450, NAC68, and CAT) related genes in CP treated plants, particularly in conjunction with Foc infection. These findings shed highlight the potential use of CP in managing FW in banana and offer insights into possible mechanism behind improved traits.