Design of a new unsymmetrical bis(imino)pyridine Schiff-base complexes with ionic liquid group immobilized on nano-magnetite particles in catalyzing green reactions of Chromenes as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst: optimization using Taguchi methodology

Abstract

Abstract A new unsymmetrical Cobalt complex containing ionic liquids (ILs) group immobilized on Fe3O4@SiO2 was prepared and characterized by H-NMR, FTIR, SEM, EDX, TGA, XRD, and VSM analyses. The experimental design was performed using the Taguchi method to reduce costs and time. We examined four levels of solvents, solvent amounts, temperatures, and catalyst amounts. Software Minitab was used to evaluate each parameter's impact on the sample reaction of Chromene. Using data analysis, it was determined that solvent, solvent amount, temperature, and catalyst amount contributed 33.20, 15.00, 22.33, and 28.12%, respectively, to the efficiency of the reaction. The derivatives of Chromenes were synthesized at achieved optimum conditions. The presence of ionic liquid groups increased the solubility of the heterogeneous catalyst in green solvents, which increased the efficiency and reduced the reaction time.