Non-linear association of atherogenic index of plasma with hyperuricemia in US adults: a cross- sectional study

Abstract

Abstract Background Hyperuricemia is related to various cardiometabolic diseases in US adults, having an increasingly substantial impact on healthcare resources and costs. Nonetheless, there are limited studies examining the association between atherogenic index of plasma(AIP) and hyperuricemia in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Methods We carried out a cross-sectional research study using data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). All 12,261 participants were classified according to the AIP quartiles. Participants aged ＜18 years old, without BMI, waist, blood pressure, SCr, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C data, alcohol use, and smoking behavior information were excluded. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is calculated as the log triglycerides (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). We explored the association between AIP and the risk of hyperuricemia using multivariate ordinal logistic regression. Hyperuricemia is widely defined as serum uric acid levels that are at or above 360 mmol/l in women and 420 mmol/l in men. Results Among 12261 participants included (mean age, 48.0 years), 6080 were male. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 20.73% in the cross-sectional study. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios [HRs; 95% confidence interval (CI)] for hyperuricemia gradually and significantly increased with the AIP quartiles [1.26 (1.06, 1.49) in Q2, 1.63 (1.39, 1.93) in Q3, and 2.06 (1.76, 2.43) in Q4], following an adjustment for potential confounders. And we observed a non-linear dose–response and a consistent relationship between them after the interaction test stratified by age, sex, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and alcohol. Conclusions On a continuous scale, per 1 unit increase in AIP was associated with multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of 2.06 (1.76, 2.43) for having a higher risk of hyperuricemia. These findings suggested the potential of AIP as an independent risk indicator in preventing hyperuricemia.