Effect of prawn fed with Catharanthus roseus ethanolic extract incorporated diet in the SDS profile approach in Gene expressions related and immune characteristics in giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)

Abstract

Abstract Plants have long been at the main focus of the medical industries attention due to their extensive list of biological and therapeutic properties and ethnobotanical applications. This study investigates the effects of substituting fishmeal with Catharanthus roseus, a medicinal herb, in the diet of post larvae (PL) of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, a freshwater prawn. The study assesses the impact on the GC-MS, UV–Vis analyses, and FTIR spectrum through leaf material from C. roseus was analyzed and found to include a variety of phytochemicals including four of the seven secondary metabolic products discovered in C. roseus leaves showed bioactive principles: 2-methylmannoside, squalene, pentatriacontane, and 2,4,4-Trimethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-5a-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-cyclohexene. Catharanthus roseus is rich in the anticancer compounds vinblastine and vincristine. After that, the compounds undergo molecular in silico assessments docking studies revealed that among these compounds with bioactive properties. After separation, the basal diets of C. roseus crude extract in various ratios 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% for 90 days experimental prides Macrobrachium rosenbergii was fed a diet enriched with C. roseus. At the conclusion of the feeding trial, it was discovered that the C. roseus supplemented feed given prawns had considerably (P < 0.05) greater physiological water parameter such as temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, and total dissolved solids, have to be within tolerance ranges so as to get the most effective results for M. rosenbergii. The muscle of protein profile such as a white spot disease (WSD) is caused by the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which also requires amino acid (AA) and fatty acid (FA) protein VP28 fused was shown to bind to prawn cells in an in vitro binding experiment using western blot SDS-PAGE gel. Moreover, a respective up-and downregulated crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (MrCHH), myostatin (MrMSTN), Peroxidasin (MrPXDN), heat shock protein 70 (MrHSP70), and heat shock protein 90 (MrHSP90), gene confirmed the impact of C. roseus on prawn development. The prawns that were given a diet containing a 1.5% concentration of C. roseus feed showed significant enhancements in growth performance. Therefore, in the present study proposes that 1.5% may be used as a dietary supplement for regulating Macrobrachium rosenbergii production more effectively.