Exploring the Impact of Psychological and Social Factors on Metacognitive Beliefs: A Qualitative Analysis of Caregiving Experiences for Patients with Schizophrenia in Pakistan

Abstract

Abstract Metacognitive beliefs of caregivers influence the caregiving experiencing. The goal of this qualitative study is to understand the impact of psychological and social factors on metacognitive beliefs of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia by exploring into the perspectives of expert clinicians in Pakistan. Our investigation encompassed in-depth interviews with eight clinical experts comprising clinical psychologists (N = 4, possessing Higher Education Commission-recognized degrees) and psychiatrists (N = 4, certified by Pakistan Medical Commission). Collectively, these professionals possessed a wealth of knowledge exceeding five years experience in mental health profession. Thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews, conducted using NVIVO, revealed a comprehensive taxonomy of factors contributing to caregiving experiences. These encompassed catastrophic beliefs, cognitive deevaluation, cognitive flexibility, cognitive monitoring, cognitive self reliance, fixated attention, helpful metacognitive strategies, high expressed emotions, self blame and guit, unhelpful metacognitive strategies, financial burden, social avoidance and social stigma.