Environmental Impacts of Petroleum Emissions: an Exploration of TOR’s Exposures and Experiences

Abstract

Abstract This research used the questionnaire to seek the views of 30 respondents from a target population of 200 workers of Tema Oil Refinery. The issues investigated centred on exposures and experiences of TOR's operations in the environment of nearby communities. Both the IBM Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 20 and SmartPLS software were used to calculate the composite reliability test, Cronbach’s alpha, rho A, and Average Variance Extracted (AVE). The analysis covered how item reliability, internal consistency, convergent validity and discriminate validity. R and f squares statistics and the structural equation models could explain the environmental impacts of emissions from refineries. The structural equation model was accessed to establish the relationship between the predictor and impact variables. Collinearity assessments were also done to assess the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) of the study. The major predictors of environmental impacts for the oil refinery are related to the management of oil storage facilities, the durability of storage tanks and the regularity of the internal inspection of tanks. The major impacts of the refinery activities on the environment were on the quality of air and water.